Supplement definitions for horses
Probiotics Horse Supplement
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Name
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Function
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Probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactococcus lactis, Entercoccus faecium,active dry yeast, pepsin, pancrelipase).
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Help absorb and utilize nutrient intake. Reduce risk of diarrhea, bloating, colic and ulcers.
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How detoxifier ingredients work on horse illness.
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Name
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Function
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Sodium
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Keeps toxic substances in solution
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Metabolize plus (natural chelating agent)
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Help detoxify aluminum from the body
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Magnesium
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Detoxifies liver
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Zinc
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Assists in removing toxic accumulation of cadmium, copper and mercury
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Selenium
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Helps detoxify - remove mercury, cadmium, silver, arsenic and peroxides
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Vitamin C
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Detoxifies cadmium, arsenic, aluminum, lead, mercury, nickel
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Antioxidants and horse immune builders
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Name
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Function
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Antioxidants and Immune System Boosters
(horse immune builders)
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Aid in muscle recovery and alleviate stiffness and soreness during activity. Mop up damaging free radicals that harm healthy cells and strengthen body defenses.
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Grape Seed
(horse immune builders)
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Promotes brain, skin and eye health. Is also a anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory. Can penetrate blood brain barrier to help protect the brain and nerve tissue.
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Quercitin
(horse immune builders)
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Is a bioflavonoid. Helps maintain the health of collagen. It also improves the health of connective tissues, alleviate bruising and edema. It has the ability to inhibit the release of histamine. Helps allergies and has anti-inflammatory properties. Immune system booster.
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Boswellia
(horse immune builders)
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A herb for optimum joint health. Also acts as anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic. Immune system booster.
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Ginkgo Biloba
(horse immune builders)
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Helps allergies and arthritis. Increase blood circulation. Immune system booster.
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N-Acetyl Cysteine
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Powerful heavy metal detoxifier.
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Citrus Bioflavonoids
(horse immune builders)
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Provide natural anti-viral, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergy properties.
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Capsicum
(horse immune builders)
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Anti-inflammatory and relieves sore muscles. Good for allergies and ulcers. Immune system booster.
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Curcumin
(horse immune builders)
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Anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory. Immune system booster.
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Ginger
(horse immune builders)
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Anti-inflammatory. Helps treat arthritis, colic, diarrhea and osteoarthritis. Immune system booster.
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Cinnamon
(horse immune builders)
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Lower blood sugar, cholesterol and triglycerides as well as improve insulin functioning.
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Lipoic Acid
(horse immune builders)
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Helps decrease insulin resistance and thus help control blood sugar.
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Garlic
(horse immune builders)
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A natural antibiotic and is effective against many bacteria, fungi and viral. Helps coughs difficulty breathing and most disorders of the lungs and helps in digestion. Immune system booster.
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Beta Carotene
(horse immune builders)
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Immune stimulant.
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Dried Kelp
(horse immune builders)
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Helps regulate thyroid and metabolism.
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Echinacea
(horse immune builders)
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Anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and immune stimulant.
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American and Siberian Ginseng
(horse immune builders)
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Immune stimulant. Reduces stress, improves performance, boost energy levels. Helps body resist viral infections and environmental toxins.
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Vitamin C
(horse immune builders)
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Important to normal collagen formation, maintenance & repair. Found in the skin and connective tissue. Also used in the transfer of iron from blood to body stores.
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Vitamin E
(horse immune builders)
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It is an antioxidant: it protects the cells from damage b oxidation. It also works with selenium as a body tissue stabilizer. Keeping the red blood cells stable and maintaining the vascular system.
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Copper
(horse immune builders)
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Necessary for the immune system to function
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Iron
(horse immune builders)
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Removal of harmful free radicals
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Selenium
(horse immune builders)
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Enhances immune system
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Zinc
(horse immune builders)
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Protective -required for wound healing and integrity of the immune system
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Amino Acids Horse Health and Proteins
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Name
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Function
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Essential Amino Acids
(horse health and proteins)
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Rebuild, repair and enable muscle to recover and respond more quickly to training and competition.
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Lysine
(horse health and proteins)
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Plays a role in calcium absorption, building muscle protein, recovering from performance injuries, and the body’s production of hormones, enzymes and antibodies. It plays an important role in the formation of collagen, a substance important for bones and connective tissue including skin, tendon and cartilage.
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Methionine
(horse health and proteins)
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Removes heavy metals from the body and is an antioxidant. It is used to treat arthritis. Needed for energy production and muscle building. Strengthen and improve hoof condition.
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Threonine
(horse health and proteins)
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Assist in the formation of collagen and elastin in the skin. Involved in liver function assisting the immune system by helping the production of antibodies and promote thymus gland growth and activity.
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Creatine
(horse health and proteins)
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Helps supply energy to the muscles. Helps body gain muscle mass.
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Taurine
(horse health and proteins)
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Detoxification, membrane stabilization, osmoregulation, and modulation of cellular calcium levels.
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L-Carnitine
(horse health and proteins)
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Improve glucose uptake into the cells thereby improving glucose tolerance.
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L-Tyrosine
(horse health and proteins)
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Influences the manufacture of thyroxin [T-cells], which influences basal metabolic rate. Because of this e may prove effective for weight loss. May heighten mental alertness, increase feelings of well being, and offset physical and mental fatigue.
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L-Glutamine
(horse health and proteins)
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Supplemental L-glutamine may have immunomodulatory, anticatabolic/anabolic and gastrointestinal mucosal-protective actions. It may also have antioxidant activity.
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Horse Joint Supplements and Nutraceuticals
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Name
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Function
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Joint Nutraceuticals
(horse joint supplements)
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Restore joint function, reduce pain and inflammation, regenerate connective tissue, prevent degrading cartilage and promote rapid recovery.
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Silicon
(horse joint supplements)
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Helps strengthen and build bones and joints.
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Glucosamine HCL
(horse joint supplements)
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Provides symptomatic relief of osteoarthritis, which includes reduced pain, rapid recovery, and partially restored joint function.
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Chondroitin Sulfate
(horse joint supplements)
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It has the ability to inhibit enzymes that degrade cartilage tissue, water retention for synovial fluid production and the ability to utilize glucosamine in the formation of proteoglycans. These are important in forming the matrix of collagen assembly for a tight network (cartilage). They have the ability to activate chondrocytes, which produce new collagen and proteoglycan molecules.
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MSM
(horse joint supplements)
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Important for connective tissue production and repair. Protects the cartilage from degradation. Reduces inflammation and is effective as an anti-arthritic as well as very useful for other inflammatory conditions such as allergies, ulcers and laminitis.
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Sodium Hyluronate
(horse joint supplements)
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Gives elasticity to the joints. It is important for tissue hydration, lubrication, solute transport, cell migration, cell function as well as cell differentiation.
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Devil’s Claw
(horse joint supplements)
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Anti-inflammatory. Studies have proven its effectiveness in treating osteoarthritis.
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Yucca
(horse joint supplements)
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Anti-inflammatory. Studies have proven its effectiveness in treating osteoarthritis.
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Phellodendron Extract
(horse joint supplements)
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Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, lowers blood sugar
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Calcium - Phosphorus - Chromium
(horse joint supplements)
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Main component of bone
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Magnesium
(horse joint supplements)
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Required for bone formation
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Cobalt
(horse joint supplements)
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Maintain bone marrow and skin
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Copper
(horse joint supplements)
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Needed for bone and connective tissue structure
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Manganese
(horse joint supplements)
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Needed for tendons, ligaments, and connective tissue
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Sulfer
(horse joint supplements)
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Needed for collagen synthesis
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Zinc
(horse joint supplements)
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Needed for bone integrity
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Horse Minerals
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Name
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Function
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Deficiency
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*Calcium- (Ca)
Horse Minerals
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Provides strength & stability to the skeleton. It is essential for bone growth, maintenance & development. Also used in blood coagulation, lection, nerve & muscle function. It also acts as an enzyme activator & inhibitor.
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Causes (DOD) developmental orthopedic disease & azotura (equine rhabdomyolysis). It also increases the time for the blood to clot.
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*Phosphorus- (P)
Horse Minerals
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Regulates absorption of calcium, source of ATP, interacts with vitamin D, Red blood cell metabolism, component of bone and teeth, energy production, detoxification of liver.
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Leads to bone abnormalities & sub normal growth in young horses.
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Magnesium- (Mg)
Horse Minerals
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Associated with (Ca) & (P) metabolism & is a co-factor & activator for enzymes of the metabolic pathways of proteins, fat & carbohydrate. It is also needed for normal cell metabolism, nerve & muscle function.
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Mental apprehensiveness, excitement, muscular spasms and twitching.
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Potassium- (K)
Horse Minerals
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Regulates body fluids, acid base balance, and nerve & muscle function & carbohydrate metabolism.
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Deficiency is rare.
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Sodium- (Na)
Horse Minerals
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Regulates body fluids, acid base balance of the body. Transmission of nerve impulses. The absorbsqion of sugar & amino acids from the gut.
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Body dehydration, poor growth, reduced utilization of digested proteins & energy.
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Chloride- (CI)
Horse Minerals
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Body regulation.
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If sodium needs are met then it unlikely that chloride will be deficient.
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Trace Horse Minerals
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Element
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Function
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Deficiency
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Copper (Cu)
Horse Minerals
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Is involved in bone formation, cartilage, elastin and hair pigmentation & the utilization of iron during the production of hemoglobin & red blood cells.
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Anemia, poor growth, hair depigmentation & weight loss.
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Zinc (Zn)
Horse Minerals
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Immune system booster. Supports normal growth and development during pregnancy. Aids in normal cell metabolism. Are an enzyme activator & antagonist. Heavy metal detoxifier.
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Deficiency is rare but may cause skin lesions & reduce appetite and growth. High levels interfere with copper utilization and are associated with lameness & bone abnormalities.
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Manganese (Mn)
Horse Minerals
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Activation of the enzymes involved in cartilage formation.
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This can be hampered by a high (Ca) intake and can result in a deficiency causing abnormal skeletal development and reproductive failure.
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Iron (Fe)
Horse Minerals
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Normal hemoglobin and red blood cell production.
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Causes Anemia
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Iodine (I)
Horse Minerals
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The synthesis of the hormone, thyroxine that controls the rate of chemical reaction in the body.
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Cell reaction rate abnormalities. Mares may have abnormal oestrous cycles and will not conceive or will give birth to weak foals.
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Selenium (Se)
Horse Minerals
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Maintenance of normal muscle tissue. A cell membrane stabilizer and protector. Heavy metal detoxifier.
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Pale, weak muscle in foals and occasionally white muscle disease in adult horses. Excess level is toxic causing mane & tail hair loss, hoof deformities, joint stiffness, lethargy, anemia & weight loss.
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Colbalt (Co)
Horse Minerals
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Synthesis of vitamin B12 in the gut, and for the activation of enzyme reactions.
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Impaired vitamin B12 production can cause anemia, loss of weight and reduced growth.
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Fat Soluble Horse Vitamins
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Vitamin
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Function
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Deficiency
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B1 (Thiamine)
Horse vitamin
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An important part of many enzyme systems, especially those that regulate the release of energy from stored carbohydrates and fat.
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Decreased feed intake, drop in condition, lack of coordination, weakness and diarrhea.
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B2 (Riboflavin or Lactoflavin)
Horse vitamin
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Important part of many enzymes involved in protein and carbohydrate metabolism.
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Decreased energy production and protein utilization, causing development & condition to be adversely affected. Severe deficiency results in moon blindness, which leads to conjunctivitis in one or both eyes and profuse tearing of the eyes.
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B3 (Niacin)
Horse vitamin
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Metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
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Disorders of the skin, stomach and nervous system. Signs are loss of appetite, reduced growth & diarrhea. As it progresses the skin may become scaly, the mouth ulcerated and the nervous system upset.
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B5 (Pantothenic Acid)
Horse vitamin
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Used in energy growth. Also involved in the use of fatty acids & in the formation of antibodies.
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Growth failure, weight loss, dermatitis & skin disorders. Deficiency is rare.
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B6 (Pyridoxine)
Horse vitamin
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Works with a number of enzyme systems, which are important for protein & carbohydrate. Also central nervous system, blood hemoglobin production & disease prevention.
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Signs are non-specific and have not been reported in horses.
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B12 (cyanocobalamin)
Horse vitamin
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Used in the enzyme system involved with protein metabolism. Also contains cobalt, which is needed to produce red cells.
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Anemia, poor growth rate and loss of appetite. Mature horses are less susceptible.
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B15 (Pangamic Acid)
Horse vitamin
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It allegedly increases the supply of blood oxygen to the horse.
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Not Known
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Folic Acid
Horse vitamin
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This is linked to B12, it is important to red blood cell production.
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Poor growth and anemia.
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Biotin
Horse vitamin
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It is a sulphur-containing vitamin, which is used, in fat, protein & carbohydrate metabolism. Its role is not completely understood.
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Poor hoof horn, faulty keratinisation & skin changes.
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Choline
Horse vitamin
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Building and maintaining cell structure. Important in fat metabolism and nerve transmission.
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Increased fat deposition in liver and slow growth.
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C (Ascorbic Acid)
Horse vitamin
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Important to normal collagen formation, maintenance & repair. Found in the skin and connective tissue. Also used in the transfer of iron from blood to body stores.
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Weight loss, oedema and slow wound healing.
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Water Soluble Horse Vitamin
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Vitamin
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Function
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Deficiency
|
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A (Retinal)
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Important for vision, health of mucous membranes, development, reproduction and resistance to disease.
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Reduced sight & eye damage resulting in night blindness. Poor uneven hoof growth.
Slow growth. Reproduction failure. Susceptibility to disease.
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D (Calciferol)
Two forms D2 & D3.
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D3 is the most effective. Main function is the absorption, uptake and transport of calcium and phosphorus.
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Swollen joints, skeletal abnormalities and lameness.
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K
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Required for effective blood clotting.
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When the blood takes longer to clot. Deficiency is rare because bacteria in the stomach make the vitamin.
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E – Is a group name for several closely related substances: alpha tocopherol is the most common form, with the highest vitamin E activity.
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It is an antioxidant: it protects the cells from damage b oxidation. It also works with selenium as a body tissue stabilizer. Keeping the red blood cells stable and maintaining the vascular system.
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Can cause a wide variety of problems.
Pale areas of skeletal and heart muscle.
Red blood cell fragility. Infertility.
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Omega 3 horse supplement
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Name
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Function
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Omega 3, 6, and 9 fatty acids
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Help prevent joint, muscle, cardio and lung problems, stabilizes blood sugar, improves hair and coat, improves feed utilization.
Regulates temperament, heat load, fatigue and performance.
Reduces inflammation
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